NICE backs two non-invasive endometriosis tests, and Edinburgh finds a hormone clue

On 7 July, NICE said the NHS could start using two non-invasive endometriosis tests. The same day, researchers in Edinburgh published evidence that the condition leaves a measurable hormone pattern in the blood. Neither replaces a laparoscopy yet, but for people currently stuck in a nine-year queue for a diagnosis, both are worth knowing about.

The wait is getting longer, not shorter

Some context first. Endometriosis UK’s 2026 report on the state of care put the average time from first GP visit to diagnosis at 9 years and 4 months across the UK. For women from ethnically diverse communities the average is 11 years. The charity’s data also showed that 82.6% of people were dismissed or told their symptoms were normal, more than half had gone to A&E because of symptoms, and a third waited over a year to see a gynaecologist after being referred.

That figure of nine-plus years is worse than it was a decade ago. The charity has been blunt about this: diagnosis times have been going up, not down.

Two tests NICE says the NHS can start using

On 7 July, NICE published draft guidance recommending two technologies for use in primary care while more evidence is gathered. The plan is a three-year period of early use, with the manufacturers collecting data and NICE reviewing it annually.

Endotest is a saliva test. You give a sample, and a lab looks for microRNAs, small biological markers that are associated with endometriosis. The result goes back to your clinician to guide what happens next.

Endosure measures electrical signals in the gut using sensor pads placed on the abdomen. The test takes about 45 minutes and involves fasting first, then drinking water.

A third test, DotEndo, a blood test for disease biomarkers, was not recommended. NICE said it needs more research before the NHS should fund it.

The point of both recommended tests is that they can be done in a GP setting, without relying on a skilled ultrasound operator or a place on a surgical list. NICE’s healthtech programme director, Anastasia Chalkidou, framed it as giving primary care better tools to identify endometriosis earlier and get people to treatment sooner.

Emma Cox, chief executive of Endometriosis UK, welcomed the announcement but added a warning that is easy to skip past: the tests only help if GPs and practice nurses know when to use them. A test does not help someone whose symptoms are still being brushed off.

The consultation on the draft closed on 27 July. As of early September, final guidance has not been published, so the tests are not yet available on the NHS. That is worth remembering if you see headlines suggesting otherwise.

A hormone “fingerprint” that could become a blood test

Also on 7 July, a team at the University of Edinburgh published a study in the European Journal of Endocrinology that took a different route to the same goal.

Endometriosis has long been treated as an oestrogen-driven condition. The Edinburgh researchers looked instead at androgens, sometimes called male hormones though everyone has them, and in particular a group produced by the adrenal glands called 11-oxygenated androgens.

They measured hormone levels in the blood of 159 women with surgically confirmed endometriosis and 57 without. Those with the condition had a distinct pattern, including high levels of one androgen called 11-ketotestosterone. Using that pattern, the researchers correctly identified more than 95% of the endometriosis patients.

Dr Douglas Gibson, who led the work, described the findings as challenging the standard view of the disease and said the team hopes it leads to earlier diagnosis and, eventually, new treatments. The university is now looking for an industry partner to turn the finding into a diagnostic blood test.

Two caveats. The sample was small and not especially diverse, and the researchers themselves say larger trials are needed. Endometriosis UK said the same: promising, but early. A blood test based on this work is still years away.

What happens next

If you are waiting for a diagnosis right now, nothing has changed at your GP surgery yet. The NICE recommendations are still in draft, and the Edinburgh finding is still research.

What has changed is the direction of travel. NICE has said non-surgical tests are good enough to use while the evidence catches up, and a separate line of research points to a blood marker that could be developed alongside them. Endometriosis UK has set a target of getting diagnosis down to one year or less by 2030. Tests alone will not get there, but they are a necessary part of it.

If your GP has not heard about the NICE draft, you can point them to it. The guidance reference is GID-HTG10877 on the NICE website. And if you are being told your symptoms are normal, the Endometriosis UK helpline and symptom checker are still the most useful first steps.

We will update this article when NICE publishes its final decision.

Sources

Letter from Minister of Health

Here is the response that I received on December 8th, 2001 from the Minister of Health, to my August 10th, 2001 letter. I wasn’t impressed as it was all just facts and figures but at least I tried.

Dear Ms. Chiasson:

The Honourable Chris Hodsgon, MPP, forwarded to me your letter of August 10, 2001, regarding research into women’s health issues. I appreciated hearing your views on this important matter.

Our government is committed to addressing women’s health issues. We have invested over $210 million annually in specific programs for women. As well, we have established the Ontario Women’s Health Council (OWHC), an advisory body to the ministry on issues related to women’s health. This is an important step in making the health system more responsive to health issues unique to women.

We are concerned about the number of hysterectomies being performed in Ontario particularly in rural and northern areas of the province. To this end, the OWHC has convened an expert panel on best practices on the use of hysterectomy. Please rest assured that as part of their work, the expert panel will be looking at a variety of indications for hysterectomy, including endometriosis.

On April 11, 2001, I announced a total of $10 million for healthcare initiatives that will benefit women across the province. The funding includes $7.4 million for health organizations over three years to fund demonstration projects and $2 million for the endowment of Chairs in Women’s Health at two Ontario universities. This funding in the education, community and hospital sectors will help the OWHC provide advice to me, and will promote much-needed information and research in a number of key areas in women’s health.

If you have access to the Internet, I encourage you to visit our web site at for details of our current initiatives and news of future health service initiatives.

I hope you find this helpful. Once again, thank you for taking the time to share your concerns with our government.

Your’s very truly, Tony Clements

Arianna’s Letter to her MP

Dear Mr. Hodgson,

I am writing to you today in hopes of helping to raise awareness of the need for increased research into women’s health issues. Specifically, I would like to address the disease known as endometriosis because as a woman, who suffers from endometriosis, I feel that the health services offered are not adequate.

As you may not know what endometriosis is I will tell you a bit about it. Endometriosis affects at least 5.5 million women in Canada and the United States. It is not fatal but it certainly can bring a lot of grief and suffering, both emotional as well as physical. Endometriosis is a gynaecological condition that affects women of any age, race or class. It is when tissue similar to the endometrium – womb lining – is found outside of the uterus. This ectopic tissue responds to normal hormonal surges, to grow or shed, but the blood generated has nowhere to go, so causes pain, inflammation, and adhesions. Endo can grow anywhere in the body except on the spleen. Some of the more common symptoms include but are not limited to:

-> PAIN which can be experienced before or during menstrual periods or continuously throughout the month; the pain can be a typical low pelvic cramping, pain with sexual intercourse, with bowel movements, merely with movement, at rest; pain can be diverse depending on the location of the endometrial growth.

->INFERTILITY. Many women have great difficulty conceiving and indeed may never become pregnant despite invasive, risky and expensive medical procedures and treatments. In some cases, OHIP does not cover IVF and other procedures.

-> BOWEL/BLADDER COMPLICATIONS. Diarrhoea, constipation, rectal pain or pain with bowel movements, symptoms of bowel obstruction or pain with voiding may occur – it has sometimes been mistaken for appendicitis.

->HEAVY OR IRREGULAR BLEEDING.

->FATIGUE, LOW ENERGY, DIZZINESS, HEADACHES.

-> LOW RESISTANCE TO INFECTION.

-> NAUSEA, ABDOMINAL BLOATING.

-> LOW GRADE FEVER.

-> ANGER/FRUSTRATION with chronic disease, missed time at work, decreased energy for home/family life

I have suffered from this disease since my periods began and will continue to suffer for the rest of my life, as there is no cure.

Doctors who treat the disease are almost impossible to find without calling several ob/gyns who might know something about it. According to the woman that I spoke to at the College of Medical Doctors and Surgeons – endometriosis isn’t a specialisation; it’s a hobby. Doctors and the general public are misinformed about the disease, which is very unfortunate as many women suffer since puberty. I have included a letter and a brochure, which may help you to understand the disease and what the many women who suffer from it go through every day.

On July 29th, I called Telehealth because I was in a lot of pain and both my family doctor and my specialist are on holidays. The woman I spoke to, although polite, had very little knowledge about endometriosis and the knowledge she did have was wrong. When I told her that I had been diagnosed with endometriosis on my ureter she told me that this was not possible, as endometriosis did not occur anywhere but in the uterus. This is of course not true, and I told her so. Endometriosis can occur anywhere in the body; there have even been cases of it occurring in the nasal cavity. After I told her that I was experiencing pain from my endometriosis – but never the pain I was currently experiencing and calling about, she said that I could not be suffering from endometriosis pain as I did not have my period. This is also not true, as pain caused by endometriosis can occur at any point in time. Like myself, many of the women who have endometriosis suffer from pain 24/7.

Many women become very frustrated, angry and upset after visiting doctor after doctor who just tell them that experiencing crippling pain every month or constantly or having pain during intercourse, is “normal” and to “live with it” or “all women have a bit of pain during their period”. We are not being heard and our doctors/health care system, do not care that we suffer a great deal of pain and cannot lead a fulfilling life.

The treatment options for endometriosis vary from surgical castration (removal of uterus, tubes and ovaries) with the risks associated with a major surgery, the potential of complications of instant menopause like osteoporosis, heart disease and depression, to medical options such as danazol (a synthetic male hormone) which may cause irreversible side effects such as facial hair, deepening of the voice, acne and clitoral enlargement among others. Most women end up having to use high doses of painkillers every single day of their lives just so that they may get out of bed and try to have a normal life.

This disease can make a woman infertile or even cause her to never be able to bring a baby to full term. It is often hard for a woman who suffers from endometriosis to work full time, or even take care of her family, if she is one of the lucky ones to have one, and do simple chores around the house. It sometimes makes a woman feel very un-woman like at all.

It is about time there was more awareness of the disease and that all women who have either already been diagnosed or awaiting diagnosis, were given better care. Being fobbed off by doctors repeatedly saying it’s normal is unacceptable.

A list of Doctors who treat endometriosis should be made available to women, and their general practitioners, who have the disease or need to be diagnosed. More public awareness is needed, as there are many myths that need to be dispelled.

I would like to hear from you in writing regarding this issue. If you would like further information please don’t hesitate to contact me, or contact the Endometriosis Association (8585 N. 76th Place, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53223; 1-800-992-3636).

Sincerely,

Arianna Chiasson

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